Brain Drain

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Is Canada Losing Their Minds?

According to the United Nations, Canada is the best place on earth to live. However, many Canadians are leaving Canada to pursue a career in the United States. This has been labeled the Canadian brain drain. Many of us forget that the Brain Drain does not refer only to every single educated person who leaves Canada for the U.S. (or sometimes other destinations), but also to the businesses or products created by each of these Canadians (Canada, Immigration, and the Economy). Individuals that are a part of the brain drain stated that the reason young bright Canadians are being lured to the United States is higher salaries, career opportunity, and lower taxes.

Occupation salaries are one of the most important factors when seeking employment. Salaries vary drastically from one country to another. In this case Canadians are being lured to the United States because of a significant increase in earnings. In the St. Petersburg Times Online, a young couple, the Hilliers, are introduced, The Hilliers, both and college graduates, are typical of thousands of bright young Canadians who have moved to the United States in the past 10 years. The reasons are many -- better pay, lower taxes, warmer weather -- but the result is a brain drain of alarming proportions, many Canadian business and political leaders say (Martin). The couple admits to being a part of the brain drain in Canada during the past ten years. As for salary differences, Tony has since taken a job with IBM, where he is making enough that he and Suzanne were able to buy a home with a pool near her parents. They estimate that their disposable income is as much as 5 percent higher than it would be in Canada -- enough that Suzanne wont have to work until their sons, 4 and , are in school (Martin). To sum it up, many Canadians are simply choosing to move to the United States because they will make more money and provide a better living for their family.

In addition to salaries luring Canadians to the United States are the superior career opportunities. Based on a survey done in 1, 68% indicate that their primary reason for moving was that the U.S. offered superior career opportunities and/or compensation (Canada, Immigration, and the Economy). The opening to move up in your career is an important factor, men and women want to be able to gain success and responsibility throughout years at their workplace. Sheila Spence, 1 year old, vice president at a publishing company says, she would only be interested in pursuing a career in Canada if she felt the opportunity was equal. Equal in terms of role, responsibility, the level of decisions youre accountable for and the influence that you have the corporation (Canada's Brain Drain). She made it clear that she does not believe that Canada offers the same level of opportunity as the United States. Sheila also added that, Out of the 0 Canadians she graduated with, only four pursued a career in Canada (Canada's Brain Drain). That is a staggering number; it shows that once a Canadian sees the opportunity in the United States, most likely the urge to live a richer life becomes a very considerable option.

Along with salaries and career opportunities, the lower taxes in the United States contribute to attracting Canada''s best young minds. One of the many reasons Canada is losing a large number of its most educated people is because its neighbor country, the United States, offers less than half the taxes. Andrew Strong, a 7-year-old home builder from Ontario, says he never would have survived financially had he stayed in Canada. The government just killed it. Impact fees were up to $15,000, a lot compared to about $4,800 down here. It was almost impossible to be a builder unless youre a big corporation with deep pockets (Martin). This shows that lower taxes do provide a significant saving for those who have emigrated to the United States. Canada is one of the countries with the highest taxes, and these taxes are a strong contributor to directing some of Canada's brightest to the United States.

Canada needs to retain highly talented individuals if it is to sustain the quality of life of its population. In turn, quality of life considerations often play a vital role in an individual's decision to stay here or join the brain drain. Solving Canada''s brain drain problem will likely involve taking a look at what caused the brain drain in the first place low salaries, lack of career opportunity, and high taxes. Canada must give better recognition to its exceptional talent and make a conscious effort to not lose its minds.

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Theory of Reasoned Action

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Theory of Reasoned Action

As the technical facilitator, one must help the group work together in an effort to reach a common goal. There are several theories that place emphasis on the ability to form cohesive teams. Though, the theory of reasoned action, which deals with attitudes that affect cohesive teamwork, is the most important. In it, Icek Ajzen and Martin Fishbein study whether attitudes predict behavior.

The theory assumes that people rationally calculate the benefits of engaging in a particular action and think carefully about how important others will view the behavior under consideration. In the case of class groups the theory would assume that each individual member of the group would calculate the benefits of creating the web page and also consider how everyone else in the group will react to the project. According to Perloff (1) the hallmark of the theory model is its emphasis on conscious deliberation.

Help with essay on Theory of Reasoned Action The theory is composed of four components attitude toward the behavior, subjective norm, behavioral intention, and actual behavior. Attitude toward the behavior is defined as the person's judgment on whether performing the behavior is good or bad. Subjective norm is the person's perceptions of the social pressures put on him to perform or not perform the behavior in process. Behavioral intention is the intent to perform a particular behavior and actual behavior is the behavior performed (Ajzen and Fishbein, 180). So each individual of the group must decide whether creating the website is a good or bad behavior, have the perception that the group will place pressure on each individual member of the group to perform their assigned tasking, the group must be ensured that member actually intends to do the behavior, and then have the individual group member must actually perform the task.

Attitude toward the behavior consists of two subcomponents. The first is behavioral belief, which is the belief of what the consequences of the behavior will result in. The second is the outcome evaluations, which are the affective evaluations of those consequences (Perloff, 1). For example, suppose you wanted to predict whether someone in the group was going to participate in the group project or not. First you would have to assess the individual's attitude toward doing the project. This would be done by obtaining a measure of their beliefs about the consequences, either good or bad, of doing the project. Then you would evaluate the outcome of the results to see if they have the intention of completing the project.

Subjective norm also consists of two subcomponents; the normative beliefs and the motivation to comply. Normative belief is the person's belief that specific individuals or groups think he should or should not perform the behavior. Motivation to comply is the individual's motivation to go along with significant others (Ajzen and Fishbein, 180). In the case of the group project the person believes they should do their part of the project and the motivation to comply is to work with the other members of the group to create the project.

Behavioral intent is the intention to perform a particular behavior. The theory of reasoned action says that intention is a joint function of the attitude toward the behavior and subjective norm. Therefore under some conditions a person's attitude predicts his intention to perform a behavior. In other circumstances, subjective norm predicts the intention (Perloff, 1).

Fishbein and Ajzen (175) state that most social behavior action is under the control of the individual. Therefore, the intent to perform a particular behavior should predict the actual performance of the act. "In sum, attitude toward the behavior and subjective norm determine intention to perform a behavior, and intention is the immediate determinant of the action" (Ajzen and Fishbein, 180).

The theory of reasoned action makes it clear that any attempt to influence the action of an individual, whether the goal is to change an attitude, norm, intention or behavior, must be directed at one of the individual's beliefs. Therefore to change a person's attitude it is necessary to know the primary beliefs on which the attitude is based. Then a message that provides information to change those beliefs must be constructed. Likewise, a subjective norm can be changed by attacking either the specific normative beliefs or the motivation to comply. By changing the beliefs underlying either attitudes or subjective norms behaviors can be changed (Petty and Cacioppo, 181).

As a facilitator communication with each individual of the group is very important. If an individual decides that they do not want to do the project, the facilitator's job is to figure out why and then decide the best way to change those beliefs. Each individual in the group has to believe that creating the project is important to them and the group. For example, if an individual is having technical problems with their part of the project, they may start to believe that they are not able to finish and in turn stop working on the project all together. As a technical facilitator, you have to help them with their part of the project and show them how important they are to the group. Research conducted over the years to test the theory of reasoned action has provided evidence that the relationship between attitude toward a behavior and actual performance of that behavior are highly intertwined (Zanna, 18). This means that as long as each individual's beliefs are changed, then the desired outcome will be reached.

The theory of reasoned action, explains how an individual decides which action they should take. It is this theory that explains how a technical facilitator should deal with each individual's beliefs. By understanding their beliefs on the project, then you should be able to properly communicate with each member of the group and show them how to meet the assigned task in a timely and professional matter.

References

Ajzen, I., & Fishbein, M. (180). Understanding Attitudes and Predicting Social Behavior. Eaglewoods Cliff, NJ Prentice Hall.

Ajzen, I., & Fishbien, M. (177). Attitude-Behavior Relations A Theoretical Analysis and Review of Empirical Research. Psychological Bulletin, 84, 888-18.

Cacioppo, J. T., & Petty, R. E. (181). Attitudes and Persuasion Classic and Contemporary Approaches. Boulder, Colorado Westview Press.

Perloff, R. M. (1). The Dynamics of Persuasion. Hillsdale, NJ Lawerence Erlbaum Associates.

Zanna, M. P. (Ed.). (18). Consistency in Social Behavior The Ontario Symposium Volume . Hillsdale, NJ Lawrence Erlbaum Associates.

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Telecommunications Competitive Landscape

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Telecommunications Competitive Landscape

Shari M. Binkney

December , 00Cheap custom writing service can write essays on Telecommunications Competitive Landscape

Duquesne University

Introduction

In this paper, I will present the following four topics a summary of the competitive landscape of the telecommunications industry; competition is more or less necessary in the industry; how competition has influenced my business and life; and what leaders should consider when selecting partners from these competitors.

Competitive Landscape Summary

The competitive landscape of the telecommunications industry has become a major race down the information superhighway. With technological advancements creating new and better ways to communicate, competition in the telecommunications industry seems to have become more than just local and long distance services; these services now include voice, data, Internet access, cable TV, and multimedia. Because of this expansion, competition has become a major challenge (Bonocore 4). The emergence of so many providers makes competition possible, but it may not be the fierce competition of firms offering identical services as in long-distance telephony. Each of these technologies is distinctly different, with advantages and disadvantages. Even if there are many providers that could serve a given residence, there may only be one that can provide what that customer wants (Peha). There are too many companies to determine which ones will come out on top, but Bonocore feels that these six companies have a chance, they are AT&T, MCI WorldCom, SBC Communications, Verizon Communications, Deutsche Telekom, and British Telecommunications (4 - 0).

Competition More or Less

Since the AT&T divestiture in 184, competition has finally been realized in the telecommunications industry. Long distance services became the first open market for competition; local service has now become the most recent area for competition. In 1, the Federal Communications Commission (FCC) granted NYNEX, one of the Baby Bells, access to long distance; this opened the doors for the other Baby Bells to enter as well (Verizon). But before this access was granted in 16 to competitive local exchange carriers (CLECs) who entered the local service market and grew in number (Telecommunications Act of 16). With all these companies in the market place, is more or less competition necessary in the industry? This answer has two parts for me; with more competition it could possibly lead to confusion for the customer. Excessive competition could possibly lead to many companies going out of business, with the end result possibly being one company dominating the market again. So, what I think needs to happen would be a level playing field of either several companies who would offer all of these communication technologies or several different companies that offer only a few of the different services available. With all of the different procedures and rules that go with all of these new services, I do not think that one company could handle all of them efficiently and keep up with quality and commitment to customer service.

Competition Influence

My experience with competition in the telecommunications industry has been quite interesting. Considering I work for one of the major telecommunications companies on the east coast, Verizon, I have felt the brunt of competition take its toll on the company. I watched many companies enter local service by using Verizon's facilities and also saw customers change from one provider to the next many times over. The FCC and the Pennsylvania Public Utilities Commission (PUC) would not allow Verizon to enter the long distance market until after they proved themselves by completing a checklist of thirteen items to demonstrate commitment in the competitive market in local service before they could enter the long distance market (Bonocore 8). Once Verizon entered the long distance market, I changed my long distance carrier and now have Verizon for all my telephone communication needs.

Leaders Selecting Partners

These are some of the considerations telecommunications leaders should have when selecting partners from the competitors in the telecommunications industry, they are

· Data - Know the companies infrastructure; how and why they use it

· Basic connectivity what the company uses for Internet access

· Understand the companies' WAN integration; call center integration, and contractual reconciliation/resolution (Gable).

· Determination of the best suitable company with the leaders company

· Customer-managed network

Summary

The competitive landscape in the telecommunications industry has changed from one source to hundreds of sources since 184. The industry went from a monopoly of AT&T to several hundred long distance and local service providers. The future of competition in the telecommunications industry is not company dependent anymore; Bonocore stated, "The real winners in the future will be those businesses that don't get stuck in traffic at the usual bottlenecks, but are able to break away and make customer-managed their next and final destination" (111). Telecommunications businesses and leaders, it seems, will have to change their way of thinking due to the amount of competition, the growth of technology, and customers demands in order to survive and prosper. Telecommunications competition could be bad if there are not enough or too many companies in the industry. With all of the acquisitions and mergers taking place, the leaders in telecommunications industry will need to determine exactly how their business vision will fit in the changing market place before choosing to merge or acquire a business. The bottom line is that competition in the telecommunications industry has just begun, so the future will be the true determination of the businesses that survive.

Works Cited

Bonocore, Joseph. Commanding Communications Navigating Emerging Trends in

Telecommunications. New York Wiley, 001.

Federal Communications Commission. Telecommunications Act of 16.

16 http//www.fcc.gov/telecom.html.

Gable, Robert A. "Coping with Merger-Mania." Business Communications Review

September 18 pp 6-7.

Peha J. M. Telecommunications Competition in 010, Info the Journal of Policy,

Regulation and Strategy for Telecommunications, Information and Media,

April 000.

Telecommunication Industry Resources. Telecommunications Industry Basics.

10 Nov. 00. http//www.telecommunication-industry.org/profile.html .

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My First Flight

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Republic Tower. This is Cessna three-niner, two-niner Echo holding short runway one with information Papa. Three-niner, two-niner Echo youre second in line for takeoff. Three-niner, two-niner Echo, Roger.

This is the conversation that takes place right before I take off for an experience of a lifetime. It is my trusty blue and white Cessna 17, the air traffic controller and I. The serious and professional tone of the air traffic controllers voice as it crackles through my sweaty headphones, sends me into a stark reality of the excitement in flying an airplane for the first time.

I begin to crawl my way around the twisted runaways as though I am a mouse stuck in some scientists' maze. I finally find my "cheese" prize, otherwise known as runway 11L, and take my place in line behind an executive Leer jet. While waiting for my turn, I feel beads of cold, sweat trickle down the side of my face in anxiety of what was about to come ahead of me. Suddenly the air traffic controller initiates conversation once again, and states in his repetitive and monotone voice, Three-niner, two-niner Echo youre cleared for takeoff.

As I thrust the throttle into full gear, the Cessna jerks back and then rapidly onward, hurling forward both myself, and the pointer of the speed indicator. The plane starts rattling and bouncing as it accelerates down the runway strip and I am reminded of the "Honey, I Shrunk the Kids" reality simulator ride in Disney World. As I gently pull back on the yoke to gain altitude, I feel the icy, cold metal penetrating the slick, black, leather gloves on my hands. Reaching a cruising speed of ninety five knots and an altitude of two thousand three hundred feet, I shield my eyes from the golden rays of sunlight streaming through the scratch infested windshield, which dance along the raw metal of the cockpit walls.

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Once at a comfortable cruising altitude, my nostrils are able to identify the distinct aroma of the brown cracked leather seats along with the unmistakable scent of the fuel and oil mixture. The pounding of my heart is kept in rhythm by the repetitive and constant hum of the engine. I spot a group of five, pearly, white seagulls as they race across the nose of the plane, and soon afterward dive into the blue ocean below in their frantic search for food. Keeping a keen eye on all of the flight instruments, I am able, with the help of my flight instructor, to push my plane into a rapid nosedive in pursuit of the fleeing gulls. As the earth rushes toward me, I can feel the blood whip through my veins as my heart pounds with adrenaline and excitement. I sense the beady perspiration on my arms as they tremble with fatigue to gain control of my downward spiraling plummet.

After regaining control, I calmly soar along the coastline one hundred feet above ground level. I easily spy sand dunes that seem to stretch for eternity. The rhythmic churning of the propeller drowns out the thumping of the white crestfallen waves as they slam endlessly against the rotted hulk of a once magnificent wooden pier. I am lucky enough to slide open a part of the cockpit window to inhale the freshness of the crisp ocean air and taste the ocean spray of salt water as it kisses my wind-chapped lips.

Upon returning to the proximity of the airport, I spot the familiar one hundred-foot Republic Air Tower. Once more, the indistinguishable static voice shoots through my headphones and announces, Cessna three-niner, two-niner Echo, state your position. This is Cessna three-niner, two-niner Echo reporting over Belmont Lake inbound for landing" I respond. As the black rubber tires screech to a halt along the tarmac, it brings me back to the reality of everyday life and all of its trials and tribulations that I had left behind for those exhilarating and unforgettable forty-five minutes in the sky.

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The Desert And Temptation

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Temptation has been around since the beginning of man. It takes a great deal of strength to turn away from temptations. We face them every day and are forced to confront the devil in ways which are not always obvious. It could be a simple temptation such as finding a five dollar bill on the floor and taking it, not bothering to ask if anyone has lost money. A stronger temptation may arise such as you know that a friend of yours has lost a specific large quantity of money. You find it and deliberately decide to keep it for yourself. In both of these situations, a person was tempted and made the wrong choice.

At this point of my life, I will soon be turning seventeen. There are so many temptations that I face on a daily basis. Anger, or a short temper is something that I have a problem with at times. I am generally a happy person, but at times when I am very stressed out or nervous about something I tend to over react to situations. An example of this is one day my friend and I went out for lunch. She was in a bad mood and I felt as if she was taking out all of her anxiety on me. I didnt say anything and then when it came time to split the bill, she wasnt paying attention and she told me that I had to add in an extra six dollars. This would have not really been a big problem, but since I was frustrated with her bad mood I lashed out at her. I burst out a few nasty remarks about something that we previously argued about. Afterwards I felt bad, and eventually worked out okay, but this could have been avoided. I think that people have always had problems with anger management. Emotions can be very powerful and dangerous at times. Anger can start for a number of reasons. Some people have a stronger tendency to be more angry than others. In my situation, it is totally under control. I find that I get most angry with my friends not as much with my family. I feel this is because being a teenager, my social life is very high on my list of priorities. I get angry at my friends and often was tempted to say something that I knew I would have later on regretted. I dont always turn away from temptation, I am not not perfect and make many mistakes. This however, does not affect my relationship with God in a negative way. I know that God will love me no matter what I do.

I have a lot of priorities in my life. They sometimes change, but for the most part, my family and friends are on the top of my list. These are the people who I see all the time and love, share my secrets, dreams. They return that feeling and we support each other. School is important to me, I know that it will help me to get a good job in the future. God is on my list of priorities, whenever I feel very upset, I turn to God. All of these priorities I do follow, I definitely know for sure. Family and friends are very important to me, school I try, and God is healing to me in a spiritual sense. I dont feel pressured to put God last on my priority list because of my age or because of my friends. This is just the way that I feel. My friends are all supportive of myself or any of our other friends in having a strong relationship with God.

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Challenges and Conflicts Christianity had to overcome from the time of Jesus to Official Religion of Rome

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Christianity had to diversify itself a great deal because of challenges and conflicts, which confronted it during the period between its establishment with Jesus and the apostles to when it was accepted as the official religion of Rome.

The first challenge that faced Christianity was converting itself from a small Jewish division in Palestine during the 1st century ad. To a faith that was more universal. Christianity started with Jesus' Ministry in approximately ad and also to avoid the persecutions that followers of Jesus might have to endure. There were many conflicts that occurred at this time the worst being the persecution of Christians and the eventual persecution of Jesus himself. The death of Jesus was a loss for Christians at the time but it became one of Christianities most powerful assets. Christianity struggled at 1st with his death as his apostles had to go into hiding so that they would not be killed themselves. Jesus' preachings attracted many people to follow and believe in him but with his death and resurrection many more would convert. Peter was seen as "the Rock upon which the church would be built". Peter headed the new Christian church, moving its headquarters to Rome from Jerusalem. With this and Paul's ideas to take Christianity from being a division of Judaism to its own faith in approximately 44ad. . When the ideas of Paul won through, the factions that wanted Christianity to remain Jewish faded out. Christianity had overcome its first real challenges in this period with the persecutions of Jesus and his followers to the spreading of Christianity into its own faith and church.

From approximately 48 to 4ad. The Council of Jerusalem (1st Christian Council) wrote up a doctrine regarding circumcision and dietary law. The apostles and presbyters agree on this doctrine, which was written in a letter to "The brothers of Gentile origin in Antioch, Syria and Cylicia". This Council was a very important step for Christianity as it decided if Jewish traditions would be upheld in Christianity. The decision the council made would see Christianity take one of its early steps of braking free of Judaism and taking Christianity into a new realm. Paul had broke Christianity free from Judaism but many Jewish laws were still upheld in the Christian faith. According to the Bible the apostles and other elders of Christianity spent some time deciding wether or not to keep circumcision and laws of how food was handled and sacrificed, as Moses preached that. They finally decided to make the changes and with that Paul accompanied by Barnabas continued on his missionary journeys.

Another challenge that Christians had to face was the Great Fire of Rome in 64ad.

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The Great fire of Rome was started by Nero and blamed on the Christians. Then to squelch the rumour, Nero created scapegoats and subjected to the most refined tortures those whom the common people called Christians, [a group] hated for their abominable crimes. The crimes that Christians were seen to do was that they refused to believe that the Caesar of Rome was a god. This was a big problem for Christians as this blasphemy to the roman church was seen as a direct insult to Rome and its Faith. With this many Christians were executed. Their name comes from Christ, who, during the reign of Tiberius, had been executed by the procurator Pontius Pilate. Suppressed for the moment, the deadly superstition broke out again, not only in Judea, the land that originated this evil, but also in the city of Rome, where all sorts of horrendous and shameful practices from every part of the world converge and are fervently cultivated. This was a hard time for Christians as they were being persecuted by the Romans for starting a fire that was actually lit by the emperor of Rome. Christians were forced into hiding so they could practice their beliefs safely, without the fear of the Roman army invading the sermon and everyone being arrested. It wasn't until Nero committed suicide that the mass executions of Christians died down. The Roman heads still did not tolerate Christianity.

Some other challenges that Christians faced during this time the decision that the Christian council made to determine the official date of Easter. This was a hard decision and it ended up causing the church to split into tow fragments the eastern and western churches. The translation of the bible into Latin and other languages happened. The Christians that didn't want Christianity to split from Judaism were amongst the ones who protested the Bible being translated into other languages. With all the persecutions that were happening in Rome during this time the church decided to make all martyrs Saints. This was one way how the Christians overcame a challenge. The challenge being the persecution of Christians, and with this the church claimed that if you died for the church you would be seen as a saint.

Christians and the Christian faith have had to change the way it performed, from the time of Jesus to official religion of Rome. Majority of events that happened to Christianity in this time were difficult, but all of them ended up being important to the beliefs of Christianity today.

Like the death of Jesus, the persecution of Christians and the separation from Judaism.

At the time these occurrences would prove to bring grave consequences. But Christians overcame these obstacles and as a result the faith in Christianity grew stronger until the point where it was accepted as the official religion of Rome, a country that from the time Christianity moved to Rome was persecuting Christians now accepted it as its official religion.

Bibliography.

The English Versions of the Bible, Home Religious Bible.

-1.Mathew 16-18, Bible

.Acts 15, Bible

.Tacitus Annals 15.44;Marginal Jew; Meier;p.8-0

A chronology of Christianity, by Paul Harvey

http//www.cwo.com/~pentrack/catholic/chron.html, Chronology of Christianity from 1d to present.

Living Religion, Christianity.

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Cuban Missle Crisis

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Cuban Missile Crisis

As the end of World War II drew near, world politics began to change. Germany, the wartime superpower was crushed; Britain, a major world giant before the war, was destitute. The world was tired of fighting, and many nations (on both sides) were weak from the effort expended on victory. But two countries rose to greater heights in the postwar era the United States and the Soviet Union. They were very different from each other, but had one thing in common, pride. America was cocky, used to getting its way, while Russia was sneaky, and frivolous with its new power. They both sought ways to manipulate foreign policy and gain greater dominion. Eventually, their efforts crossed, and what resulted is the Cuban Missile Crisis. This conflict between Russia and the United States was an intense event, from its beginnings, to the roles of Russian and American leaders, and finally to its non-violent conclusion.

In discussing the Cuban Missile Crisis, there are several events that made this the climax of the Cold War. First, America's attack on a sovereign nation in an attempt to overthrow their existing government was a complete failure, and set America at odds with Cuba. Such failure at Bay of Pigs allowed the communists to remain and Fidel Castro to take power. President Kennedy realized that he had "made a tragic mistake" (Doc G) with his interference in Cuban affairs, and on October 14, 16, when aerial photos of Cuba showed Russian missile sites in construction (Doc M), he realized the threat. Calling together a committee called Excon, top military officials in America discussed what should be done. Intelligence showed that Russia had a possible missiles and 0,000 soldiers in Cuba (Brinkley). The debates within Excon finally settled around the moral issues of a pre-emptive attack on Cuba. America would be recreating Pearl Harbor, only this time as the aggressors, if they attacked. But the fact is, America did not like having a Soviet threat so close to home, and were determined to find a solution to this conflict that suited their desires. As for Russia, they were willing to remove their missiles from Cuba, as long as America removed hers from Turkey. But Kennedy did not see his weapons in Turkey posing any threat. He refused Khruschev's offer, reiterating his initial demand for Russia to remove their weapons from Cuba. Kennedy sent 180 Navy ships towards Cuba, and warned the nation of this "extraordinary build-up of Communist missiles" (Doc K). Behind the scenes, however, both men entered into negotiations and finally settled on a peaceful contract. The crisis dissolved, but not without leaving a lasting impact on the world, not just those countries involved.

From the beginning, the Cuban Missile Crisis was a power struggle between Kennedy and Khruschev. As tensions arose between America and the Soviet, each felt the need to test the others resolve. Khruschev knew that Cuba was like a pressure point of the United States. Kennedy had already stated that "Latin America" was as "essential" to the security of the U.S. "as Southeast Asia"(Doc C), and that their "attitude of nonintervention would change overnight" (Doc C) should any Communist threat arise. Kruschev needed to know just how serious Kennedy was, and thus missile sites began appearing in Cuba. Kennedy called it a "violation of Soviet assurances" (Doc K) and a "change" which could not be accepted (Doc K). But in their plight to gain foreign support against Russia, American leaders continued with proud demands, rather than appeals. For example, when "informing" (Doc I) France of the situation, Dean Acheson, an American, got this reply from Charles de Gaulle "France will support [Kennedy]. However, let the record show that we (the French) are being informed but never consulted in such an issue of so great importance to the whole world" (Doc I). Letters between Kruschev and Kennedy also show that America was willing to make plenty of demands, but yield to none. Kennedy ordered the Soviet's remove their weapons from Cuba. Russia replied with a similar request, you remove your missiles from Turkey, and we will remove ours from Cuba (Doc P). For, as the Soviets complained, nothing separated American munitions from Soviet land; they shared a border. But with Cuba, 0 miles of ocean separated the Communist weapons from American land. Still, Kennedy did not see the American forces in Turkey as being any relevant threat to the Soviets. Completely missing the relevancy of Kruschev's offer, Kennedy refused. For a time, it seemed as if the headstrong leaders would never come to a peaceful conclusion, but finally, at the risk of an all-out war with America, Russia backed down. Krushchev finally gave in to Kennedy's demands, and the missiles were removed.

Help with essay on Cuban Missle Crisis The peaceful conclusion to the Cuban Missile Crisis is significant for a number of reasons. Of these reasons, the most obvious being the avoidance of possible nuclear war. Had the United States entered into a nuclear war with the Soviet Union in 16, the World's more recent history would be drastically different. A war between the two world super-powers would have resulted in one winner, and the creation of a major dominant force in the world. Hundreds upon thousands of lives could have been wasted as nuclear warheads were dropped on cities across the globe. Such war would have split the world in half; no country could have afforded to remain neutral. And both Kennedy and Khruschev would have destroyed each other before they surrendered. With the limited technology available back then, scientists had no way of know the lasting impact of nuclear waste. Not only would it kill everything around it, but also it would leave behind deadly radiation that would have affected humanity for generations. The smooth conclusion to this almost cataclysmic event was critical, and demonstrated the power both nations had, and the power both nations were willing to use.

As the Crisis was wrapping up, both Kennedy and Khruschev feared the loss of control over their armies. Perhaps this factored into the hasty conclusion they entered into. But whatever it was that lead to the close of the struggle, it pacified each nation to the point of non-military aggression. The tension of the period slowly dissipated to the point where each country could remain on polite, formal terms with the other. Though at the time it seemed inevitable, a conflict was avoided, and millions of lives preserved, because of negotiations basically outlining who got to put missiles where. America risked a third World War to protect Cuba from the fear of the "evil" Communists, but in the end, battle was circumvented, to the benefit of all.

Please note that this sample paper on Cuban Missle Crisis is for your review only. In order to eliminate any of the plagiarism issues, it is highly recommended that you do not use it for you own writing purposes. In case you experience difficulties with writing a well structured and accurately composed paper on Cuban Missle Crisis, we are here to assist you. Your cheap research papers on Cuban Missle Crisis will be written from scratch, so you do not have to worry about its originality.

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