Job roles

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Job roles in health and medical

Highly trained staff such as doctor, nurses, dentists and opticians who work closely together provides health and medical care.

The job roles include

„h Family doctor (General Practitioner or GP)

- Will diagnose diseases, assess injuries

- Gives health advice

- Treats some conditions

- Writes prescriptions

- Refers patients to hospital for specialist care

Qualification - 5 years and 1 year as House Doctor in a hospital plus years GP training.

Need - to be calm, tolerant and understanding to keep aware of new research.

„h Midwife

- Delivers babies

- Works in the community or hospital

- Carries out ante-natal and post-natal checks

- Works in a team or supervises a team

Qualification - years to become RGN and 18 months to become Registered Midwife.

Need - to be encouraging, calm and king to have good practical skills and pay attention to detail.

„h Nurse (Registered General Nurse RGN)

- Works in NHS, private hospital or nursing home

- Assesses and gives care and treatment

- Carries out tests and observation

- Works in a team or supervises a team

Qualification - years - Project 000 for Diploma plus RGN or approx. 4 years for degree plus RGN

Need - to be accurate and pay attention to detail to have tolerance, patience and kindness

„h Practice Nurse (Registered General Nurse)

- Gives injections, carries out blood tests

- Gives advice on care

- Works closely with a doctor in the surgery or health centre

Qualification - Same as for RGN above but a different place of work

Need - to work as part of a team to be a good communicator, same skills as an RGN.

„h District or Community Nurse

- Assesses the needs of the client in the community

- Gives injections and dresses wounds

- Visits the client at home

- Supervises a team of home carers

Qualifications - RGN and 8 weeks additional training

Need - to be able to work on own initiative, to be patient and understanding.

„h Health visitor

- Advise and educate people on health matters

- Checks childrens health up to school age

- Helps parents whose children have feeding or behavioural problems

- Works closely with a doctor at a surgery or health clinic

- Visits clients at home

Qualification - RGN and additional training

Need - to have practical skills/ a steady hand, to have a sympathetic nature and good communication skills.

„h Dentist

- Examines patients mouth and teeth

- Carries out X-rays and gives treatment

- Gives advice on tooth care

- Fits new teeth

Qualification - 5 year degree in Dentistry and 1 year vocational training

Need - to have practical skills/ a steady hand, to have a sympathetic nature and good communication skills.

„h Optician (Optometrist)

- Works in hospital, private practice or for a lens manufacturer

- Examines peoples eyesight

- Diagnoses disease or need for glasses

- Prescribes glasses

Qualification - year degree and 1 year as trainee plus part II exams

Need - to have good observational skills, to be very accurate, paying attention to detail

„h Physiotherapist

- Works in NHS or private practice

- Assesses need for treatment e.g. exercises, manipulation, massage

- Carries out treatment/exercises for people whose movement is restricted by injury, illness or age

- Helps client to improve muscle strength and movement

Qualification - year degree

Need - to be patient and help clients persevere to work as a team member

„h Occupational Therapist (OT)

- Works closely with doctors, nurses and physiotherapists to help people with physical or mental problems or who are mentally ill

- Assesses client in hospital/home

- Prescribes aids to make clients lives easier, for example wheelchair, bath hoist, activities

Qualification - year degree

Need - to be good at problem solving, to help clients become as independent as possible

„h Diagnostic Radiographer

- Works with doctors/nurses in hospital department or on a ward

- Assesses client for X-ray

- Carry out X-ray

- Carries out other procedures, for example, ultrasound scan

Qualification - year degree

Need - to have good communications kills, to be very accurate, paying attention to detail

„h Pharmacist

- May work in a hospital, high street chemist or in industry

- Have a high standard of academic knowledge

- Labels and gives out medicines

- Works in a team with others

Qualification - year degree plus pre-registration year to become Registered Pharmacist

Need - to be extremely accurate, to be good at communicating instruction to staff and the public

What does it mean?

Diagnose - find out what is wrong with a patient, called making a diagnosis.

Ante - natal - before a baby is born.

Post - natal - after a baby is born.

Ultrasound scan - use of sound waves to produce an image, it is sometimes used instead of an X-ray.

Diagnostic - using various tests and machinery to find out if a person has an illness or disease.

Remedial care - helping to restore to normal activity.

Therapeutic - something that makes you feel better mentally as well as physically.

Dietician - a person whose job is to make sure that a persons food intake is well - balanced.

What are the main purposes of job roles in health and medical care?

Diagnostic care

The purpose of a doctors job is to examine patients and make a medical diagnosis. The doctor may order a blood test, scan, X-ray or EGG (electrocardiograph) to help with the diagnosis. These tests are carried out by other health workers whose job it is to carry out diagnostic care. Examples of these health workers include radiographers and cardiological technicians.

Health Maintenance

Some jobs in health and medical care, for example health visitors, are concerned with health maintenance. Health visitors see families with young children to check that they are developing normally and that they are following immunisation schedules.

Remedial and Therapeutic Care

Some health professionals, for example physiotherapists and occupational therapists, are involved with remedial and therapeutic care. They help patients recover from disease or injury by giving them special exercises or treatments.

Education of clients

Some jobs include educational purposes. Clients are given information that enables them to lead a healthier lifestyle and be free from illness and disease. If you become a health visitor, health promotion officer, dietician, community midwife, nurse or doctor, this will be part of your job.

Job Roles in Community Care and Support

In many care jobs, it is part of the role to give emotional care and support, as well as doing physical care tasks such as bathing a client. Clients can also be helped with difficult problems and decisions. Care and support can be provided on a full- or part-time basis in day centres, residential home or the clients own home. Much care is provided, for example, by Crossroads, a voluntary organisation. They will provide care in the home to give the carer a break

The job roles include

„h Social worker

- Provides emotional and social support for clients with problems

- Helps find accommodation and direct clients to other types of support

- Works in residential care and day care for children, adults and elderly people

- Works with physically and mentally handicapped people

- Works with people with mental problems

Qualification - year diploma in Social Work

Need - to be mature, sensible and stable, to be tolerant and understanding

„h Care Work Assistant

- Works in day centres and residential homes for elderly people or the clients home

- Works to a care plan set down by experienced staff

- Helps clients with daily activities such as bating and dressing

- Serves meals and feed clients if necessary

- Carries out general household tasks

(Care work assistants sometimes have a different job title when they work in a hospital setting, for example auxiliary nurses or health care assistants.)

Qualification - none necessary, can achieve NVQs in Direct Care

Need - to be mature, sensible and stable, to be tolerant and understanding

„h Nursery nurse/nanny

- Works in clients home (nanny), state or private nursery (nursery nurse)

- May work in a team or alone to provide child care

- Help children to learn through play and keep them safe

- Help children to learn acceptable behaviour

- May make snacks/meals, carry out light duties around the nursery or home

Qualification - year Diploma in Nursery Nursing (DNN) or NVQs in Childcare and Education

Need - to work closely with others satisfying the needs of children to have creative skills

Job Roles in Indirect Care

Indirect care is provided by people who work behind the scenes in a hospital or a health centre. They are an important part of the care team. They are sometimes in direct contact with clients. They include hospital porters, domestic assistants and doctors receptionists. Indirect care is also provided by people who may not come into direct contact with patients, such as those who work in administration, management, catering and maintenance jobs.

The job roles include

„h Health Service Manager

- Responsible for running a hospital or health centre

- Organises and co-ordinates services such as medical, nursing, catering, cleaning services and porters

Qualification - graduate management trainee scheme or promotion from role in NHS administration

Need - to use analytical skills and be good at problem solving, to have good interpersonal skills

„h Receptionist

- Greets clients

- Arranges appointments for doctors and nurses

- Deals with telephone enquires

- Carries out general office duties

Qualification - not always needed. Typing qualification maybe useful

Need - to have good interpersonal skills, to communicate messages accurately

„h Porter

- Helps to move clients, goods and equipment around the hospital or health centre

- Carries out a great deal of lifting and therefore needs to be physically fit

Qualification - no necessary qualification

Need - to be able to use initiative, to work as a team member and respond quickly

„h Maintenance Staff

- Keep the hospital, care home or health centre in good working order

- Responsible for general repairs and electrical work

Qualification - needed in relevant areas, e.g. electrical work

Need - to be good at practical tasks, to be good at problem solving

„h Domestic Assistant

- Cleans wards, toilets, bathrooms and kitchen areas

- May work unusual hours

- Needs to communicate with staff and patients when performing their work

Qualification - no necessary qualification

Need - to work thoroughly and be conscientious, to work as a team member

„h Catering Staff

- Responsible for ordering and cooking food

- Provide a choice of balanced menus

- Cater for people with special diets

- Work to a fixed time schedule and deliver meals on time

Qualification - may need a NVQ in Catering

Need - to work to a time limit, to have goof personal hygiene

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